Characterization and Synthesis of Selenium -TPGS Nanoparticles for Target Delivery Clove to Minimize Cytogenic and Liver Damage Induced in Adult Male Rats

Nanoparticle science is currently an area of intense scientific research due to a wide range of possible applications in the biomedical and electronic fields. Nanoparticle works as an important bridge between bulk materials and atomic or molecular structures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the preparation of clove buds by extraction and encapsulation using nanoprecipitation technique with selenium nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are prepared by nanoprecipitation technique and characterized by particles sizers, UV spectrophotometers, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images which were utilized for regular distribution and spherical shape of nanoparticles with the size range of 206.5 nm; active compounds were detected by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity of clove nanoparticles was evaluated against hepatotoxic thioacetamide in male rats. 30 albino male rats were divided into 6 groups, with 5 rats in each group. All groups of animals were treated with single dose of thioacetamide 100 mg/kg except the control. Groups T2 and T3 received Thioacetamide (100)/kg) I.p., treated orally with 100 mg/kg of clove extract and  clove nanoparticles of dose by day respectively, while the last group was  treated with selenium nanoparticles at dose 0. 5 mg/kg daily. The selenium loaded clove nanoparticles showed spherical shape with seller size of 206.5 nm. GCMS of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) contained more than 13 active compounds. Consequently, the cytogenic study of clove nanoparticles showed a clear reducing of micronuclei percentages, chromosomal aberration and their types. In addition, the serum evaluated in this study showed significant reduction of TNFa ng/dl and IL6 in rats treated with clove extract and clove-nanoparticles in comparison with thioacetamide alone.  Interestingly, the antioxidant activity of GPX was significantly elevated in rats having received clove-nanoparticles. Additionally, the histopathological defect such as inflammation and necrosis in liver and kidney was cured by using clove nanoparticles. The clove loaded selenium nanoparticles illustrated strong antioxidant and scavenging activities led by alleviate cytogenic and tissue damage induced by thioacetamide.